Visually, the ship still had TOS-style "Blue phasers" regardless of what was said in the dialog being that both NX-01's had "same weapons compliment". The future NX-01 had both the standard Phase Cannons as well as what appeared to be "upgraded" TOS phasers.
The ship was also able to travel at slightly higher warp velocity than the original NX-01 (according to dialog). After 117 years roaming around The Expanse, i'm sure they made atleast 1 or 2 advancements, regardless of said dialog.